Zhang, S;
Meng, Z;
Zhang, Y;
Temiz, M;
Kaplan, O;
Gao, N;
Zhang, Z;
(2025)
Phase Correction and DNN Heartbeat Estimation for Vital Signs Monitoring using FMCW Radar.
IEEE Sensors Journal
10.1109/JSEN.2025.3624359.
(In press).
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Abstract
Due to its multi-objective potential for noncontact vital signs monitoring, millimeter-wave (mmW) radar has increasingly drawn attention in human health and safety related sensing applications. However, detection of vital signs, especially weak heartbeat reaction, is more challenging when disrupted by interference from background noise, random human body movement, and sensitive nature of radio waves. To address these problems, the work presents an improved Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar vital signs monitoring solution incorporating phase error correction and heartbeat event probability prediction. The main contributions include: (1) Development of a data processing framework reinforcing radar echoes for high Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) vital signs detection, which amplified the returned signals through beamforming, and compensated phase perturbation. Additionally, two techniques including adaptive mode decomposition and neural network have been cordially adopted to perform signal conditioning; (2) Proposal of a phase error correction method with an adaptive dual-sliding window to mitigate the phase noise and distortion introduced by the non-periodic body movement, non-stationary breathing pattern, and dynamic environmental clutter, etc. It overcomes susceptibility to noise for the phase response and improves its stability and continuity; (3) Establishment of a Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based model to predict the probability distribution of heartbeat events with phase segmentation. This prediction model avoids rigid misclassification of heartbeats, and enhances the algorithm’s tolerance to noise and adaptability to complex conditions. Experimental results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed solutions. The presented method provides a robust solution for reliable, high accuracy, and continuous vital signs monitoring in real environments.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Phase Correction and DNN Heartbeat Estimation for Vital Signs Monitoring using FMCW Radar |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3624359 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2025.3624359 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Heart beat, Radar, Monitoring, Sensors, Interference, Accuracy, Signal processing algorithms, Radar detection, Signal to noise ratio, Noise |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Electronic and Electrical Eng |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10217113 |
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