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Generalized Latent Variable Models for Location, Scale, and Shape parameters

Cárdenas-Hurtado, CA; Moustaki, I; Chen, Y; Marra, G; (2025) Generalized Latent Variable Models for Location, Scale, and Shape parameters. Psychometrika , 90 (3) pp. 932-956. 10.1017/psy.2025.7. Green open access

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Abstract

We introduce a general framework for latent variable modeling, named Generalized Latent Variable Models for Location, Scale, and Shape parameters (GLVM-LSS). This framework extends the generalized linear latent variable model beyond the exponential family distributional assumption and enables the modeling of distributional parameters other than the mean (location parameter), such as scale and shape parameters, as functions of latent variables. Model parameters are estimated via maximum likelihood. We present two real-world applications on public opinion research and educational testing, and evaluate the model's performance in terms of parameter recovery through extensive simulation studies. Our results suggest that the GLVM-LSS is a valuable tool in applications where modeling higher-order moments of the observed variables through latent variables is of substantive interest. The proposed model is implemented in the R package glvmlss, available online.

Type: Article
Title: Generalized Latent Variable Models for Location, Scale, and Shape parameters
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1017/psy.2025.7
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1017/psy.2025.7
Language: English
Additional information: Creative Commons Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited. Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Psychometric Society
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Statistical Science
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10214568
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