Lazos, Dimitrios;
Collins-Fekete, Charles-Antoine;
Bober, Miroslaw;
Evans, Philip;
Dikaios, Nikolaos;
(2021)
Machine learning for proton path tracking in proton computed tomography.
Physics in Medicine & Biology
, 66
(10)
, Article 105013. 10.1088/1361-6560/abf1fd.
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Abstract
A Machine Learning approach to the problem of calculating the proton paths inside a scanned object in proton Computed Tomography is presented. The method is developed in order to mitigate the loss in both spatial resolution and quantitative integrity of the reconstructed images caused by multiple Coulomb scattering of protons traversing the matter. Two Machine Learning models were used: a forward neural network (NN) and the XGBoost method. A heuristic approach, based on track averaging was also implemented in order to evaluate the accuracy limits on track calculation, imposed by the statistical nature of the scattering. Synthetic data from anthropomorphic voxelized phantoms, generated by the Monte Carlo (MC) Geant4 code, were utilized to train the models and evaluate their accuracy, in comparison to a widely used analytical method that is based on likelihood maximization and Fermi−Eyges scattering model. Both NN and XGBoost model were found to perform very close or at the accuracy limit, further improving the accuracy of the analytical method (by 12% in the typical case of 200 MeV protons on 20 cm of water object), especially for protons scattered at large angles. Inclusion of the material information along the path in terms of radiation length did not show improvement in accuracy for the phantoms simulated in the study. A NN was also constructed to predict the error in path calculation, thus enabling a criterion to filter out proton events that may have a negative effect on the quality of the reconstructed image. By parametrizing a large set of synthetic data, the Machine Learning models were proved capable to bring—in an indirect and time efficient way—the accuracy of the MC method into the problem of proton tracking.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Machine learning for proton path tracking in proton computed tomography |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1088/1361-6560/abf1fd |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560%2Fabf1fd |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions. |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Med Phys and Biomedical Eng |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10160589 |
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