de Pontes Nobre, Alexandre;
de Melo, Gabriela Mueller;
Shanks, David R;
(2022)
Publication bias casts doubt on implicit processing in inattentional blindness.
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
, 140
, Article 104775. 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104775.
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Abstract
Two recent meta-analyses on inattentional blindness (Kreitz, Pugnaghi, & Memmert, 2020; Nobre et al., 2020) concluded that objects can be processed implicitly even when attention is directed elsewhere. However, signs of publication bias are evident in both of these meta-analyses. Here, we employed multiple tools to correct for publication bias in the data aggregated in those meta-analyses. Analyses using the Precision-Effect Test (PET) and robust Bayesian meta-analysis (RoBMA) suggest that the estimates in the original meta-analyses were inflated, together with strong evidence of publication bias. Indeed, the data are consistent with no overall implicit effects. We suggest that more evidence, particularly from well-powered pre-registered experiments, is needed before solid conclusions can be drawn regarding implicit processing during inattentional blindness.
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