Mandal, P;
Gupta, A;
Fusi-Rubiano, W;
Keane, PA;
Yang, Y;
(2017)
Fingolimod: therapeutic mechanisms and ocular adverse effects.
Eye
, 31
(2)
pp. 232-240.
10.1038/eye.2016.258.
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Abstract
Fingolimod is an oral immunomodulating drug used in the management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). We aim to review the published literature on ocular manifestations of fingolimod therapy and their possible underlying mechanisms. The therapeutic effects of fingolimod are mediated via sphingosine receptors, which are found ubiquitously in various organs, including lymphoid cells, central nervous system, cardiac myocytes, and smooth muscle cells. Fingolimod-associated macular oedema (FAME) is the most common ocular side effect but retinal haemorrhages and retinal vein occlusion can occur. The visual consequences appear to be mild and, in cases of FAME, resolution is often attained with discontinuation of therapy. However, in cases of retinal vein occlusion, discontinuation of fingolimod alone may not be sufficient and intra-vitreal therapy may be required. We also propose a pragmatic service pathway for monitoring patients on fingolimod therapy, which includes stratifying them by risk and visual acuity.
Type: | Article |
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Title: | Fingolimod: therapeutic mechanisms and ocular adverse effects. |
Location: | England |
Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
DOI: | 10.1038/eye.2016.258 |
Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.2016.258 |
Language: | English |
Additional information: | © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved. The final publication is available at Eye via http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.2016.258 |
UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Institute of Ophthalmology |
URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1531779 |
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