Boyle, GJ;
Stankov, L;
Martin, NG;
Petrides, KV;
Eysenck, MW;
Ortet, G;
(2016)
Hans J. Eysenck and Raymond B. Cattell on intelligence and personality.
Personality and Individual Differences
, 103
(Dec 2016)
pp. 40-47.
10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.029.
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Abstract
The two most prominent individual differences researchers of the twentieth century were Hans J. Eysenck and Raymond B. Cattell. Both were giants of scientific psychology, each publishing scores of books and hundreds of empirical peer-reviewed journal articles. Influenced by Hebb's distinction between physiological (Intelligence A) and experiential (Intelligence B), Eysenck focused on discovering the underlying biological substrata of intelligence. Analogously, Cattell proposed the Gf–Gc theory which distinguishes between fluid and crystallised intelligence. Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT), a measure primarily of fluid intelligence, was constructed specifically to minimise differences in test bias in IQ scores between different ethnic/racial groups. Within the personality realm, Eysenck adopted a pragmatic three-factor model as measured via the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-R) and its variants. In contrast, Cattell employed a lexical approach that resulted in a large number of primary and secondary normal and abnormal personality trait dimensions, measured via the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF), and the corresponding Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (CAQ), respectively. Recent molecular genetics findings provide empirical confirmation of Eysenck and Cattell's positions on the biological underpinnings of personality and ability traits, allowing an improved understanding of the causes of individual differences.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Hans J. Eysenck and Raymond B. Cattell on intelligence and personality |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.029 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.029 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2016. This manuscript version is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Non-derivative 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This licence allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work for personal and non-commercial use providing author and publisher attribution is clearly stated. Further details about CC BY licences are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. Access may be initially restricted by the publisher. |
| Keywords: | Social Sciences, Psychology, Social, Psychology, Individual differences, Personality, Cognitive abilities, Gf-Gc theory, Culture Fair Intelligence Test, PEN model, EPQ-R, 16PF, Genome-Wide-Association, Individual-Differences, Psychoticism Scale, Metaanalysis, Neuroticism, Traits, Number, Fluid, |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences > Clinical, Edu and Hlth Psychology |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1522207 |
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