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Distribution of moisture in reconstructed oil paintings on canvas during absorption and drying: a neutron radiography and NMR study

Hendrickx, R; Ferreira, ESB; Boon, JJ; Desmarais, G; Derome, D; Angelova, L; Mannes, D; ... Richardson, E; + view all (2017) Distribution of moisture in reconstructed oil paintings on canvas during absorption and drying: a neutron radiography and NMR study. Studies in Conservation , 62 (7) pp. 393-409. 10.1080/00393630.2016.1181899. Green open access

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Abstract

Moisture is a driving factor in the long-term mechanical deterioration of canvas paintings, as well as for a number of physico–chemical degradation processes. Since the 1990s a number of publications have addressed the equilibrium hygroscopic uptake and the hygro-mechanical deformation of linen canvas, oil paint, animal glue, and ground paint. In order to visualise and quantify the dynamic behaviour of these materials combined in a painting mock-up or reconstruction, we have performed custom-designed experiments with neutron radiography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. This paper reports how both techniques were used to obtain spatially and temporally resolved information on moisture content, during alternate exposure to high and low relative humidity, or in contact with liquids of varying water activities. We observed how the canvas, which is the dominant component in terms of volumetric moisture uptake, absorbs and dries rapidly, and, due to its low vapour resistance, allows for vapour transfer towards the ground layer. Moisture desorption was generally found to be faster than absorption. The presence of sizing glue leads to a local increase of moisture content. It was observed that lining a painting with an extra canvas results in a damping effect: i.e. absorption and drying are significantly slowed down. The results obtained by NMR are complementary to neutron radiography in that they allow accurate monitoring of water ingress in contact with a liquid reservoir. Quantitative results are in good agreement with adsorption isotherms. The findings can be used for risk analysis of paintings exposed to changing micro-climates or subjected to conservation treatments using water. Future studies addressing moisture-driven deformation of paintings can make use of the proposed experimental techniques.

Type: Article
Title: Distribution of moisture in reconstructed oil paintings on canvas during absorption and drying: a neutron radiography and NMR study
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2016.1181899
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2016.1181899
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2016 The International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works. This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Studies in Conservation on 10 June 2016, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/00393630.2016.1181899
Keywords: Moisture, Sorption, Reconstructed painting, Canvas, Glue sizing, Neutron radiography, NMR
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL SLASH
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL SLASH > Faculty of S&HS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL SLASH > Faculty of S&HS > Dept of History of Art
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1498728
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