Loane, C; Politis, M; Kefalopoulou, Z; Valle-Guzman, N; Paul, G; Widner, H; Foltynie, T; ... Piccini, P; + view all Loane, C; Politis, M; Kefalopoulou, Z; Valle-Guzman, N; Paul, G; Widner, H; Foltynie, T; Barker, RA; Piccini, P; - view fewer (2016) Aberrant nigral diffusion in Parkinson's disease: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study. Movement Disorders , 31 (7) pp. 1020-1026. 10.1002/mds.26606.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Measuring microstructure alterations with diffusion tensor imaging in PD is potentially a valuable tool to use as a biomarker for early diagnosis and to track disease progression. Previous studies have reported a specific decrease of nigral fractional anisotropy in PD. However, to date the effect of disease progression on nigral or striatal diffusion indices has not been fully explored. METHODS: We have conducted a cross-sectional and longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study in 18 early stage, treated PD patients and 14 age-matched controls. PD patients were scanned on 2 occasions OFF medication, 19.3 months apart (standard deviation = 3.1 months). Longitudinal change of regional nigral and striatal measures of fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were calculated using a region-of-interest approach. RESULTS: Region-of-interest analysis demonstrated that at baseline, PD patients and controls did not differ in regard to diffusion indices in any region assessed. A significant difference of nigral fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity between controls and PD patients at follow-up was detected and confirmed with longitudinal analysis within PD patients. Alterations in striatal regions were not detected in either group or over time. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that nigral diffusion measure may be a valuable measure of disease progression. In the future, larger longitudinal studies will confirm whether diffusion indices may serve as sensitive and clinically meaningful measures of disease progression in PD.

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