Baykaner, K;
              
      
            
                Huckvale, M;
              
      
            
                Whiteley, I;
              
      
            
                Ryumin, O;
              
      
            
                Andreeva, S;
              
      
        
        
  
(2015)
  The prediction of fatigue using speech as a biosignal.
    
    
      In: Dediu, Adrian-Horia and Martín-Vide, Carlos and Vicsi, Klára, (eds.)
      Proceedings of International Conference on Statistical Language and Speech Processing - SLSP 2015.
      
      (pp. pp. 8-17).
    
 Springer: Budapest, Hungary.
  
  
       
    
  
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Abstract
Automatic systems for estimating operator fatigue have application in safety-critical environments. We develop and evaluate a system to detect fatigue from speech recordings collected from speakers kept awake over a 60-hour period. A binary classification system (fatigued/not-fatigued) based on time spent awake showed good discrimination, with 80 % unweighted accuracy using raw features, and 90 % with speaker-normalized features. We describe the data collection, feature analysis, machine learning and cross-validation used in the study. Results are promising for real-world applications in domains such as aerospace, transportation and mining where operators are in regular verbal communication as part of their normal working activities.
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