Lee, P.N.; (2005) Sustainable urban transport in Kuala Lumpur - A backcasting scenario approach. Doctoral thesis , University of London.

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Abstract

Urban transport trends and issues in Kuala Lumpur have indicated that they are moving away from sustainability. Besides the conventional problems such as congestion, accidents, urban air pollution, there are signs showing mat social inequality and institutional problems are confronting the transport system in Kuala Lumpur. The above issues are not the natural outcome of development instead, they are related to specific social, economic and political policies. In view of the complexity and the great number of uncertainties, a backcasting scenario methodology has been adopted in this study to analyse the means of breaking the present trend. The overall aim of the research is to explore a wider perspective of possible future opportunities and policy options in order to achieve sustainable urban transport objectives in Kuala Lumpur. The sustainable urban transport policy has been formulated in four major steps (the central structure of scenario backcasting methodology). Firstly, the vision of the urban transport system in Kuala Lumpur has been defined, i.e. the one that provides affordable access to all levels of the community, and does so in an economically viable, environmentally sound and equitable manner. Secondly, policy targets have been identified in accordance with the vision. Then, three Images of the Future have been constructed to represent the alternative images. Finally, measures and policy packages have been developed to bridge the gap between the present and the future images. At every stage of the methodology, local transport experts were invited to contribute their inputs to the study as part of the validation process. The thesis concludes with an assessment of the three Images in relation to sustainability achievement and also their practicality in terms of implementation. It also recommends basic conditions and common measures to achieve a sustainable transport system in Kuala Lumpur. The contributions of this research are twofold. Firstly, it extends the frontiers of the existing transport policy considerations and formulation in Kuala Lumpur, and secondly, it demonstrates a novel application of backcasting scenario methodology to the sustainable urban transport field at the city level.

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