Conroy, Olivia D;
Mazzella, Andrea;
Choi, Hannah;
Elmes, Jocelyn;
Wilson, Matt;
Chudasama, Dimple Y;
Gerver, Sarah M;
... Hope, Russell; + view all
(2025)
Bloodstream Infections in Critical Care Units in England, April 2017 to March 2023: Results from the First Six Years of a National Surveillance Programme.
Microorganisms
, 13
(1)
, Article 183. 10.3390/microorganisms13010183.
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Abstract
Background: Patients in critical care units (CCUs) are at an increased risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs), which can be associated with central vascular catheters (CVCs). This study describes BSIs, CVC-BSIs, organism distribution, percentage of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) organisms, and case fatality rates (CFRs) over the first six years of a voluntary national CCU surveillance programme in England. Methods: Surveillance data on BSIs, CVCs, and bed-days between 04/2017 and 03/2023 for adult CCUs were linked to mortality and AMR data, and crude rates were calculated. Results: The rates of CCU-BSIs and CCU-CVC-BSIs were stable for the first three years (3.6 and 1.7 per 1000 bed-days in 2019/20), before increasing by 75% and 94% in 2020/21, respectively, and returning to near pre-pandemic levels by 2022/23. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 50.3% of all CCU-BSIs, followed by Gram-positive bacteria (39.6%) and Candida spp. (8.6%). Klebsiella spp. saw increases in percentage AMR, whereas other organisms saw declines or similar levels. The overall CFR was 30.2%. Conclusions: BSI incidence in CCUs remained stable across the study period, except for an increase in 2020/21 which reverted by 2022/23. These data provide a benchmark for CCUs and give insight into long-term AMR patterns where comparable national data are limited.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Bloodstream Infections in Critical Care Units in England, April 2017 to March 2023: Results from the First Six Years of a National Surveillance Programme |
| Location: | Switzerland |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.3390/microorganisms13010183 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010183 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Keywords: | Bacteremia; bloodstream infection; antibiotic resistance; critical care; central venous catheters; case-fatality rate; public health surveillance; England |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Infection and Immunity |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10217593 |
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