Liu, Wei; Kulkarni, Suchita; Deppisch, Frank F; (2025) Revealing the origin of neutrino masses through displaced shower searches in the CMS muon system. Physical Review D , 111 (9) , Article 093003. 10.1103/PhysRevD.111.093003.

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Abstract

We study the potential to probe the origin of neutrino masses, by searching for long-lived right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) N in the B-L model and in the RHN-extended Standard Model (SM) effective field theory (EFT). Despite the small active-sterile mixing |VℓN|2, RHNs are produced abundantly via SM and exotic Higgs production, as long as the Higgs mixing or EFT operator coefficient is sufficiently large. We reinterpret a search for displaced showers in the CMS muon system and we find that it is sensitive to parameter space at and below the seesaw floor, |VℓN|2≈10-12 (ℓ=e, τ) for mN≈40 GeV. With existing data constraining such well-motivated scenarios of neutrino mass generation, we determine the projected sensitivity at the HL-LHC, motivating dedicated searches for long-lived RHNs with decay lengths ≈10 m.

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