Harrison, Nicola; Mossabir, Rahena; Forster, Anne; Kime, Nicky; Williams, Amanda C de C; Brown, Lesley; (2025) Qualitative investigation of the experiences of older people living with persistent pain and frailty and their decision to seek support: findings from the POPPY-Q study. BMJ Open , 15 (10) , Article e104744. 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-104744.

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Persistent pain is common among older people living with frailty and can impact on their daily living, mobility, social interactions and sleep. However, healthcare support to mitigate impact is lacking in this population. The Pain in Older People with Frailty (POPPY) study is a multiphase, mixed-methods study that addresses how pain management services for older people with frailty should be organised and delivered. DESIGN: For this phase (POPPY-Q), we used qualitative methods: semi-structured interviews with a grounded theory approach to analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling older people (≥75 years) with persistent pain and frailty were invited to participate in two qualitative interviews (in-person/remotely) 10 weeks apart. Interviews took place in varied geographical locations across England between July 2022 and August 2023 and explored experiences of living with pain and access to and engagement with services and healthcare professionals (HCPs) and support and treatments received for pain. RESULTS: Twenty-six people (77-91 years) with pain and frailty (from mild to severe) consented and were interviewed; 24 completed a second interview. Three interviews included a spouse/family member. Themes were general health and well-being; pain and its impact; acceptance of living with pain; support-seeking decisions; experience of accessing support; and perception/experience of pain support and treatment. This paper focuses on pain acceptance and support-seeking; other themes are used contextually, and accessing support was rare. Many participants were stoical about pain; some prioritised other health conditions; some preferred self-management; some were resigned and had lost hope of effective treatment; some expressed concern about burdening healthcare resources. CONCLUSIONS: HCPs should be aware of the stances of older people with frailty about seeking support for pain and should be proactive, asking about pain. Longer appointments for complex cases may allow general practitioners to address pain, offer reassurance, provide information or referral or arrange a follow-up consultation focused on pain management.

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