Watson, Jim; Broad, Oliver; Butnar, Isabela; (2021) A Policy Framework for Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage. (Together for Climate Action ). The Bartlett, UCL: London, UK.

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Abstract

• To reach the UK’s target of net-zero emissions by 2050, greenhouse gas removal (GGR) methods will be required. • It is essential that investment in GGRs is not seen as an alternative to emissions reduction. GGRs should not be used to offset emissions from sectors such as power, road transport and heating that can reduce their emissions to zero. • The government’s Net Zero Strategy includes plans for large scale deployment of technologies that burn biomass with carbon capture and storage (or BECCS). This includes removing 5 million tonnes of CO2 per year through BECCS and direct air capture by 2030. • To achieve this goal, specific incentives will be required for the deployment of BECCS due to the complexity and financial risks involved. These incentives are required to complement the funding that is already being made available for small-scale innovation projects. • Putting plans for BECCS into action also requires a cautious approach due to the significant risks of relying on this technology to meet emissions targets. The large-scale deployment of BECCS might be difficult to achieve on the timescale required. There is also uncertainty about biomass supply chain emissions and capture rates which could limit the extent of removals from BECCS. • It is therefore important that BECCS deployment is subject to rigorous monitoring of performance, including biomass supply chain emissions, to ensure that it delivers substantial net removals.

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