Zhao, Ruixuan; Yang, Guitao; Parisini, Thomas; Chen, Boli; (2025) Distributed Unknown Input Observer Design with Relaxed Conditions: Theory and Application to Vehicle Platooning. In: 2025 European Control Conference (ECC), Proceedings. IEEE: Thessaloniki, Greece.

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Abstract

Designing observers for linear systems with both known and unknown inputs is an important problem in several research contexts, for example, fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control, and cyber-secure control systems, and presents significant challenges in distributed state estimation due to the limited sensing capabilities of individual nodes. Existing methods typically impose an individual input-to-output rank condition on each estimator node, which severely restricts applicability in practical applications. This paper presents a novel distributed unknown-input observer design scheme based on a geometric approach under much weaker assumptions than the ones available in the literature. By leveraging the properties of the (C,A)-invariant (conditioned invariant) subspace at each node, our methodology aims at reconstructing portions of the system state that remain unaffected by local unknown inputs, while integrating these estimates via a network-based information exchange. A case study on vehicle platoon control shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

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