Chen, Hua;
Gong, Tao;
Wu, Tuo;
Elkashlan, Maged;
Liu, Baiyang;
Chae, Chan-Byoung;
Tong, Kin-Fai;
(2025)
FAS-ARIS: Turning Multipath Challenges Into Localization Opportunities.
IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering
10.1109/tnse.2025.3618845.
(In press).
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Abstract
Traditional single-input single-output (SISO) systems face fundamental limitations in achieving accurate three-dimensional (3D) localization due to limited spatial degrees of freedom (DoF) and the adverse impact of multipath propagation. This paper proposes a novel fluid antenna system (FAS)-active reconfigurable intelligent surface (ARIS) framework that transforms multipath effects from a hindrance into a resource for enhanced localization. By synergistically combining the signal amplification capabilities of ARIS with the spatial diversity enabled by FAS, the proposed system achieves robust 3D user equipment (UE) positioning—without relying on auxiliary information such as time-of-arrival (ToA) or frequency diversity. The system exploits both line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) components through a tailored signal decoupling strategy. We design novel UE pilot sequences and ARIS phase configurations to effectively separate LoS and NLoS channels, enabling independent parameter estimation. A multi-stage estimation algorithm is then applied: the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm estimates angle-of-arrival (AoA) from the direct path, while maximum likelihood estimation with interior-point refinement recovers cascaded channel parameters from the reflected path. Finally, geometric triangulation using least-squares estimation determines the UE's 3D position based on the extracted AoA information. Comprehensive performance analysis, including the derivation of Cramér-Rao bounds for both channel and position estimation, establishes theoretical benchmarks. Simulation results confirm that the proposed FAS-ARIS framework achieves near-optimal localization accuracy while maintaining robustness in rich multipath environments—effectively turning conventional localization challenges into advantages.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | FAS-ARIS: Turning Multipath Challenges Into Localization Opportunities |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1109/tnse.2025.3618845 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1109/tnse.2025.3618845 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Active reconfigurable intelligent surface (ARIS), fluid antenna system (FAS), localization, Cramér-Rao bound |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Electronic and Electrical Eng |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10215486 |
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