Condominas, E;
Sanchez-Niubo, A;
Domènech-Abella, J;
Haro, JM;
Bailon, R;
Giné-Vázquez, I;
Riquelme, G;
... Siddi, S; + view all
(2025)
Exploring the dynamic relationships between nocturnal heart rate, sleep disruptions, anxiety levels, and depression severity over time in recurrent major depressive disorder.
Journal of Affective Disorders
, 376
pp. 139-148.
10.1016/j.jad.2025.02.010.
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Abstract
Background: Elevated night resting heart rate (HR) has been associated with increased depression severity, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of sleep disturbance and the influence of anxiety on the relationship between night resting HR and depression severity. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of data collected in the Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse (RADAR) Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) longitudinal mobile health study, encompassing 461 participants (1774 observations) across three national centers (Netherlands, Spain, and the UK). Depression severity, anxiety, and sleep disturbance were assessed every three months. Night resting HR parameters in the 2 weeks preceding assessments were measured using a wrist-worn Fitbit device. Linear mixed models and causal mediation analysis were employed to examine the impact of sleep disturbance and anxiety on night resting HR on depression severity. Covariates included age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, antidepressant use, and comorbidities with other medical conditions. Results: Higher night resting HR was linked to subsequent depressive severity, through the mediation of sleep disturbance. Anxiety contributed to an exacerbated level of sleep disturbance, subsequently intensifying depression severity. Anxiety exhibited no direct effect on night resting HR. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the mediating role of sleep disturbance in the effect of night resting HR on depression severity, and anxiety on depression severity. This insight has potential implications for early identification of indicators signalling worsening depression symptoms, enabling clinicians to initiate timely and responsive treatment measures.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Exploring the dynamic relationships between nocturnal heart rate, sleep disruptions, anxiety levels, and depression severity over time in recurrent major depressive disorder |
| Location: | Netherlands |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jad.2025.02.010 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.02.010 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Keywords: | Depression, Mobile health (mHealth), Real-world monitoring, Night resting heart rate |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Health Informatics UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Health Informatics > Clinical Epidemiology |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10215192 |
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