Krisetya, Beltsazar; (2025) From Principles to Protocols: Embedding Partnerships into Content Moderation Technologies Against Mis/Disinformation. [Digital scholarly resource]. https://www.iseas.edu.sg/articles-commentaries/ise...

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Abstract

Despite growing calls for collaboration, the technological core of content moderation remains largely a black box. While multi-stakeholder partnerships are increasingly invoked in regional policy discourse, external oversight or shared governance of the underlying moderation technologies remain limited. Content moderation technologies differ in function and ownership. Tools used to detect clearly illegal content (e.g. terrorist material, child exploitation) are slightly more established and collaborative, while technologies for nuanced borderline content (e.g. misinformation) remain experimental and proprietary. While technological control is concentrated, partnerships are fragmented. Even where external partnerships exist (e.g. for fact-checking or hash-sharing), they are often optional, ad hoc, or supplementary. Platform incentives, regulatory gaps, and technical complexity collectively reinforce a system where meaningful input from governments or civil society remains limited. Even if distant, the idea of “partnership by design” is worth further exploration. Stakeholders need to entertain the feasibility of embedding multi-stakeholder input directly into the architecture of content moderation systems, especially for emerging tools such as LLMs and NLP. This requires governments to articulate clear standards and platforms for such purposes from the outset.

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