De Meo, Ermelinda;
Portaccio, Emilio;
Bonacchi, Raffaello;
Giovannoli, Jasmine;
Niccolai, Claudia;
Amato, Maria Pia;
(2025)
An update on the treatment and management of
cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple
sclerosis.
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
, 25
(2)
pp. 227-243.
10.1080/14737175.2025.2450788.
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Abstract
Introduction: Cognitive impairment (CI) occurs in 34–70% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, significantly impacting quality of life. CI can occur independently of physical disability, even in those with ‘benign MS.’ Cognitive deficits are heterogeneous, but common areas affected include processing speed, memory, and executive functions. // Areas covered: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, using keywords like ‘MS,’ ‘cognition,’ and ‘cognitive rehabilitation.’ We focused on clinical assessment tools, emerging cognitive phenotypes, and both pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments, including disease-modifying therapies and cognitive rehabilitation techniques. // Expert opinion: Current evidence underscores the need for a multifaceted approach to managing CI in MS, incorporating emerging pharmacological treatments, cognitive rehabilitation strategies, and exercise programs. Future research should prioritize defining optimal training intensities, integrating therapies for sustained cognitive enhancement, and exploring neuromodulation and neuroimaging biomarkers within randomized controlled trials aimed at improving cognitive functioning in MS.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | An update on the treatment and management of cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis |
| Location: | England |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1080/14737175.2025.2450788 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2025.2450788 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent. |
| Keywords: | Multiple sclerosis; cognition; cognitive rehabilitation; treatment for cognitive deficits; cognitive assessment tools; MRI; neuromodulation |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Neuroinflammation |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10210644 |
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