Zhou, Z; Han, X; Zhou, Y; Kang, J; (2025) Soundscape and Influencing Audio-Visual Factors of Tourism Villages in Northern China. International Journal of Acoustics and Vibrations , 30 (1) pp. 87-100. 10.20855/ijav.2025.30.12114.

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Abstract

With the continuous development of rural tourism, the sound environment of public spaces in tourism villages has been receiving increasing attention. To optimize the soundscape of public spaces in these villages, this paper studies five typical tourism villages in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, the largest urban agglomeration in northern China. Through fields surveys on the audio-visual landscape factors and Virtual Reality (VR) experiments, the soundscape and visual landscape of the typical public spaces in these villages are evaluated. Correlation analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM) are employed to analyse the influence of visual landscape factors on soundscape evaluation. The results indicate that, among the three types of public spaces surveyed (i.e., squares, parks, and pavements), human sounds and natural sounds are the primary sound sources in squares, whereas natural sounds prevail in parks and pavements. Moreover, the sound pressure level in parks is relatively high. The pleasantness results in squares, parks and public spaces along the streets are positive, and the eventfulness results in squares and parks are mostly, positive, whereas the pleasantness results in the public spaces along the streets are mostly negative. Furthermore, the results indicate that greenery satisfaction, architectural aesthetics and space openness are significantly positively correlated with soundscape pleasantness, however greenery satisfaction, environmental cleanliness, sky visibility and space openness are significantly negatively correlated with soundscape eventfulness. Using SEM, we found that architectural aesthetics and space openness had positive effects on soundscape pleasantness, with standardised path coefficients of 0.196 and 0.152, respectively (p < 0.05), whereas environmental cleanliness and architectural aesthetics had significant effects on soundscape eventfulness, with standardised path coefficients of −0.242 and 0.151, respectively (p < 0.05). This study provides a scientific basis for improving the public space environment in tourism villages.

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