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The Birth of Minerals: From Single Step to Multiple Step Mechanisms

Stawski, Tomasz M; Salvalaglio, Matteo; Wallace, Adam F; De Yoreo, James J; (2025) The Birth of Minerals: From Single Step to Multiple Step Mechanisms. Elements , 21 (1) pp. 25-32. 10.2138/gselements.21.1.25.

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Abstract

Mineral formation from ions in aqueous solutions begins with complex initial stages, where amorphous and liquid-like precursors play pivotal roles before crystalline growth occurs. Both classical and non-classical nucleation and growth theories, introduced in previous chapters, offer explanations, each with their own strengths and limitations, for the complex intermediate phases observed in experimental research. Analytical techniques play a critical role in detecting and characterizing precursor phases, offering valuable insights into nucleation and growth mechanisms across various temporal and spatial scales. Molecular dynamics and modelling provide in-depth perspectives on these phases, allowing for a closer examination of their nucleation and growth mechanisms at the molecular level, and revealing the intricate processes that govern their behaviour.

Type: Article
Title: The Birth of Minerals: From Single Step to Multiple Step Mechanisms
DOI: 10.2138/gselements.21.1.25
Publisher version: ttps://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.21.1.25
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author-accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: amorphous; liquid; liquid-like; precursors; crystallization; pathways
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Chemical Engineering
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10206387
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