TRACERx analysis identifies a role for FAT1 in regulating chromosomal instability and whole-genome doubling via Hippo signalling

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TRACERx analysis identifies a role for FAT1 in regulating chromosomal instability and whole-genome doubling via Hippo signalling

Kanu, Nnennaya; Lu, Wei-Ting; Swanton, Charles; Bartek, Jiri; (2025) TRACERx analysis identifies a role for FAT1 in regulating chromosomal instability and whole-genome doubling via Hippo signalling. Nature Cell Biology , 27 (1) pp. 154-168. 10.1038/s41556-024-01558-w. Green open access

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Abstract

Chromosomal instability (CIN) is common in solid tumours and fuels evolutionary adaptation and poor prognosis by increasing intratumour heterogeneity. Systematic characterization of driver events in the TRACERx non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cohort identified that genetic alterations in six genes, including FAT1, result in homologous recombination (HR) repair deficiencies and CIN. Using orthogonal genetic and experimental approaches, we demonstrate that FAT1 alterations are positively selected before genome doubling and associated with HR deficiency. FAT1 ablation causes persistent replication stress, an elevated mitotic failure rate, nuclear deformation and elevated structural CIN, including chromosome translocations and radial chromosomes. FAT1 loss contributes to whole-genome doubling (a form of numerical CIN) through the dysregulation of YAP1. Co-depletion of YAP1 partially rescues numerical CIN caused by FAT1 loss but does not relieve HR deficiencies, nor structural CIN. Importantly, overexpression of constitutively active YAP15SA is sufficient to induce numerical CIN. Taken together, we show that FAT1 loss in NSCLC attenuates HR and exacerbates CIN through two distinct downstream mechanisms, leading to increased tumour heterogeneity.

Type:	Article
Title:	TRACERx analysis identifies a role for FAT1 in regulating chromosomal instability and whole-genome doubling via Hippo signalling
Location:	England
Open access status:	An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI:	10.1038/s41556-024-01558-w
Publisher version:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-024-01558-w
Language:	English
Additional information:	© 2025 Springer Nature Limited. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords:	Cell signalling, Cytokinesis, DNA damage response, Non-small-cell lung cancer
UCL classification:	UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Cancer Institute UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Cancer Institute > CRUK Cancer Trials Centre UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Cancer Institute > Research Department of Cancer Bio UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Cancer Institute > Research Department of Oncology
URI:	https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10205365