Doguc, Kubra; Domenech Aparisi, Teresa; Raslan, Rokia; (2024) Towards net-zero for hospital estates: stakeholder-led refurbishment strategies. In: eceee 2024 Summer Study Proceedings. (pp. pp. 561-566). European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy: Stockholm, Sweden.

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Abstract

In the UK, healthcare buildings, most of which are part of the National Health Service (NHS) vast estate, will be key to achieving the national target for 80 % reduction in building GHG emissions. Despite the NHS's ambition to make its building stock low carbon, there are significant challenges in developing sustainable refurbishment strategies for NHS hospital buildings. Decision-making in selecting building refurbishment measures is a complex process for hospitals due to their unique requirements in terms of energy efficiency, occupant comfort and economic viability. The involvement of stakeholders in the decision-making process is both essential and beneficial to gain valuable insight into the relevant issues and to develop realistic, implementable, and comprehensive solutions that reflect key strategic and operational priorities. In achieving this, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) may provide a useful framework by which to determine the importance of the given criteria, such as building systems, building envelope, cost and disruption, hospital zones and sustainability goals, through stakeholder opinions, reflecting their priorities when considering refurbishment. This paper details the implementation and outcomes of an AHP approach to engaging stakeholders in the decision-making process for the formulation of refurbishment strategies. A case study Deep-plan/Tower hospital (DPTH) building, a typology that has been found to have a higher energy demand due to the increased need for mechanical systems, is analysed to demonstrate the impact of stakeholder involvement in the selection of the optimal refurbishment strategy and the consistency of their decisions. The outcomes and insights emerging from this study highlight that compliance with building regulations (25 %) and reducing energy demand (17 %) were the main drivers for refurbishment amongst the stakeholder group. In ranking the preferred refurbishment measures for this hospital building typology, stakeholders prioritised systems-based measures such as HVAC upgrade (37 %), over window replacement (22 %) and shading installation (21 %). Intensive care units (18 %) and operating theatres (17 %) were deemed to be the most important target zones for implementing these measures.

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