Nicholson, Emma J;
Wieser, Penny E;
Hartley, Margaret E;
Jenner, Frances E;
Kunz, Barbara E;
Ilyinskaya, Evgenia;
Thordarson, Thorvaldur;
(2024)
Sulfide saturation and resorption modulates sulfur and metal availability during the 2014–15 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland.
Communications Earth & Environment
, 5
(1)
, Article 164. 10.1038/s43247-024-01249-2.
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Abstract
Mafic magmas may experience multiple stages of sulfide saturation and resorption during ascent and differentiation. Quenched tephra erupted during the 2014–15 Holuhraun eruption preserve abundant evidence for sulfide resorption, offering a rare opportunity to explore the sulfide life cycle from nucleation to resorption. Specifically, we combine detailed textural and chemical analyses of sulfides and silicate melts with geochemical models of sulfide saturation and degassing. This integrative approach demonstrates that sulfides began nucleating in melts with ~8 wt% MgO, persisted during fractionation to 6.5 wt% MgO, before resorbing heterogeneously in response to sulfur degassing. Sulfides are preserved preferentially in confined geometries within and between crystals, suggesting that kinetic effects impeded sulfur loss from the melt and maintained local sulfide saturation on eruption. The proportion of sulfides exhibiting breakdown textures increases throughout the eruption, coincident with decreasing magma discharge, indicating that sulfide resorption and degassing are kinetically limited. Sulfides likely modulate the emission of sulfur and chalcophile elements to the atmosphere and surface environment, with implications for assessing the environmental impacts and societal hazards of basaltic fissure eruptions.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Sulfide saturation and resorption modulates sulfur and metal availability during the 2014–15 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s43247-024-01249-2 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01249-2 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
| Keywords: | Geochemistry, Natural hazards, Petrology, Volcanolog |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Earth Sciences |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10198261 |
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