Choramle, Manali; Verma, Damini; Kalkal, Ashish; Pradhan, Rangadhar; Rai, Avdhesh Kumar; Packirisamy, Gopinath; (2024) L-Cysteine Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles adorned Ti3C2-MXene Nanohybrid Based Screen Printed Immunosensor for oral cancer biomarker detection. Analytical Methods 10.1039/d4ay01048e. (In press).

Text d4ay01048e.pdf - Accepted Version Access restricted to UCL open access staff until 4 July 2025. Download (3MB)

Abstract

Nanohybrid based non-invasive biosensing platforms are emerging as promising alternatives to detect biomarkers in complex and diverse bio-fluids toward ultrasensitive point-of-care diagnostics. Herein, we report the development of a highly sensitive, facile, non-invasive, label free, affordable, and innovative electrochemical screen printed immunosensor for identifying the CYFRA 21-1, an established and crucial biomarker for oral cancer. Till now, no work has been reported utilizing titanium carbide Ti3C2 MXene nanosheet and L-cysteine (L-cyst) functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) nanohybrid based immunosensor for electrochemical detection of CYFRA 21-1. The L-cyst@MNPs/Ti3C2-MXene nanohybrid was synthesized via co-precipitation method and later deposited on gold screen printed electrode (GSPE) offering enhanced surface area and electrochemical properties. The nanohybrid modified GSPE was then surface immobilized with monoclonal antibodies (anti-CYFRA-21-1) to fabricate anti-CYFRA-21-1/L-cyst@MNPs/Ti3C2-MXene/GSPE immunoelectrode and the non-specific locations of immunoelectrode were covered with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The spectroscopic, morphological, and structural analysis of the synthesized nanohybrid and the fabricated electrodes were done using different analytical techniques. The electrochemical studies of modified electrodes were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The fabricated BSA/anti-CYFRA-21-1/L-cyst@MNPs/Ti3C2-MXene/GSPE immunosensor has shown an excellent limit of detection of 0.023 ng mL-1, the linear detection range of (0.5-30) ng mL-1, the sensitivity of 277.28 µA (ng mL-1)-1 cm-2 and lower limit of quantification of 0.618 ng mL-1 for electrochemical CYFRA 21-1 determination. Hence, this L-Cyst@MNPs/Ti3C2-MXene nanohybrid could also be explored as a potential candidate for determining other cancer biomarkers.

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