Fruhwürth, Stefanie;
Reinert, Line S;
Öberg, Carl;
Sakr, Marcelina;
Henricsson, Marcus;
Zetterberg, Henrik;
Paludan, Søren R;
(2023)
TREM2 is down-regulated by HSV1 in microglia and involved in antiviral defense in the brain.
Science Advances
, 9
(33)
, Article eadf5808. 10.1126/sciadv.adf5808.
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Abstract
Immunological control of viral infections in the brain exerts immediate protection and also long-term maintenance of brain integrity. Microglia are important for antiviral defense in the brain. Here, we report that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) infection of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived microglia down-regulates expression of genes in the TREM2 pathway. TREM2 was found to be important for virus-induced IFNB induction through the DNA-sensing cGAS-STING pathway in microglia and for phagocytosis of HSV1-infected neurons. Consequently, TREM2 depletion increased susceptibility to HSV1 infection in human microglia-neuron cocultures and in the mouse brain. TREM2 augmented STING signaling and activation of downstream targets TBK1 and IRF3. Thus, TREM2 is important for the antiviral immune response in microglia. Since TREM2 loss-of-function mutations and HSV1 serological status are both linked to Alzheimer's disease, this work poses the question whether genetic or virus-induced alterations of TREM2 activity predispose to post-infection neurological pathologies.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | TREM2 is down-regulated by HSV1 in microglia and involved in antiviral defense in the brain |
| Location: | United States |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1126/sciadv.adf5808 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adf5808 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). |
| Keywords: | Animals, Mice, Humans, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Antiviral Agents, Microglia, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Brain, Herpes Simplex, Membrane Glycoproteins, Receptors, Immunologic |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10175679 |
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