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Text Algorithms in Economics

Hansen, Stephen; (2023) Text Algorithms in Economics. Annual Review of Economics , 15 pp. 659-688. 10.1146/annurev-economics-082222-074352. Green open access

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Abstract

This article provides an overview of the methods used for algorithmic text analysis in economics, with a focus on three key contributions. First, we introduce methods for representing documents as high-dimensional count vectors over vocabulary terms, for representing words as vectors, and for representing word sequences as embedding vectors. Second, we define four core empirical tasks that encompass most text-as-data research in economics and enumerate the various approaches that have been taken so far to accomplish these tasks. Finally, we flag limitations in the current literature, with a focus on the challenge of validating algorithmic output.

Type: Article
Title: Text Algorithms in Economics
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-082222-074352
Publisher version: https://www.annualreviews.org/journal/economics
Language: English
Additional information: © 2023 by the Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: text as data, topic models, word embeddings, large language models, transformer models, JEL C18, JEL C45, JEL C55
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL SLASH
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL SLASH > Faculty of S&HS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL SLASH > Faculty of S&HS > Dept of Economics
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10171178
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