Farhoudian, Ali;
Radfar, Seyed Ramin;
Ardabili, Hossein Mohaddes;
Rafei, Parnian;
Ebrahimi, Mohsen;
Zonoozi, Arash Khojasteh;
De Jong, Cornelis AJ;
... Ekhtiari, Hamed; + view all
(2021)
A Global Survey on Changes in the Supply, Price, and Use of Illicit Drugs and Alcohol, and Related Complications During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic.
Frontiers in Psychiatry
, 12
, Article 646206. 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.646206.
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Abstract
Background and Aims: COVID-19 has infected more than 77 million people worldwide and impacted the lives of many more, with a particularly devastating impact on vulnerable populations, including people with substance use disorders (SUDs). Quarantines, travel bans, regulatory changes, social distancing, and “lockdown” measures have affected drug and alcohol supply chains and subsequently their availability, price, and use patterns, with possible downstream effects on presentations of SUDs and demand for treatment. Given the lack of multicentric epidemiologic studies, we conducted a rapid global survey within the International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM) network in order to understand the status of substance-use patterns during the current pandemic. / Design: Cross-sectional survey. / Setting: Worldwide. / Participants: Starting on April 4, 2020 during a 5-week period, the survey received 185 responses from 77 countries. / Measurements: To assess addiction medicine professionals' perceived changes in drug and alcohol supply, price, use pattern, and related complications during the COVID-19 pandemic. / Findings: Participants reported (among who answered “decreased” or “increased”) a decrease in drug supply (69.0%) and at the same time an increase in price (95.3%) globally. With respect to changes in use patterns, an increase in alcohol (71.7%), cannabis (63.0%), prescription opioids (70.9%), and sedative/hypnotics (84.6%) use was reported, while the use of amphetamines (59.7%), cocaine (67.5%), and opiates (58.2%) was reported to decrease overall. / Conclusions: The global report on changes in the availability, use patterns, and complications of alcohol and drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic should be considered in making new policies and in developing mitigating measures and guidelines during the current pandemic (and probable future ones) in order to minimize risks to people with SUD.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | A Global Survey on Changes in the Supply, Price, and Use of Illicit Drugs and Alcohol, and Related Complications During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic |
| Location: | Switzerland |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.646206 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.646206 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2021 Farhoudian, Radfar, Mohaddes Ardabili, Rafei, Ebrahimi, Khojasteh Zonoozi, De Jong, Vahidi, Yunesian, Kouimtsidis, Arunogiri, Hansen, Brady, ISAM Global Survey Consortium (ISAM-GSC), Potenza, Baldacchino and Ekhtiari. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
| Keywords: | COVID-19, addiction, substance use disorder, global survey, behavioral addiction, illicit drug market |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Division of Psychiatry |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10161260 |
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