Wasmadi, Fathin Sabbiha; Jain, Nishesh; Kourgiozou, Vasiliki; (2022) Benchmarking Buildings in the Context of Net zero Targets : Tracking Energy Performance of a Case Study from Design to Operation. In: Proceedings of the Passive and Low Energy Architecture (PLEA) 2022. PLEA: Santiago.

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Abstract

To keep on track with the net-zero targets for the building sector, building energy benchmarking is essential. Benchmarking compares the building energy performance to established standards based on historical energy usage, and these benchmarks become aspirational goals. However, existing building energy data reveal a different consumption trend in recent times. Thus, actions are required to assess current benchmarks' relevance, development, and applicability so that buildings comply with the net-zero target. This paper compares the design and operational performance of a newly constructed building with existing benchmarks. Further, the feasibility of net-zero targets in an operating building is investigated using a calibrated energy model. Findings show that the building used 2.1 times more energy than design estimation. A key factor for this deviation was the change in operating hours, increasing from 10 hours per day during design to 24 hours in operations. This space-time utilisation increase made the building unable to achieve the performance needed for current net-zero benchmarks. This is one of the challenges that benchmarking systems need to address. The current benchmarks (to enable net-zero pathways) lack a broader range of maximum hours and should include a time normalisation factor to avoid penalisation for better space-time utilisation.

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