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Integration of visual motion and orientation signals in dyslexic children: an equivalent noise approach

Manning, Catherine; Hulks, Victoria; Tibber, Marc S; Dakin, Steven C; (2022) Integration of visual motion and orientation signals in dyslexic children: an equivalent noise approach. Royal Society Open Science , 9 (5) , Article 200414. 10.1098/rsos.200414. Green open access

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Abstract

Dyslexic individuals have been reported to have reduced global motion sensitivity, which could be attributed to various causes including atypical magnocellular or dorsal stream function, impaired spatial integration, increased internal noise and/or reduced external noise exclusion. Here, we applied an equivalent noise experimental paradigm alongside a traditional motion-coherence task to determine what limits global motion processing in dyslexia. We also presented static analogues of the motion tasks (orientation tasks) to investigate whether perceptual differences in dyslexia were restricted to motion processing. We compared the performance of 48 dyslexic and 48 typically developing children aged 8 to 14 years in these tasks and used equivalent noise modelling to estimate levels of internal noise (the precision associated with estimating each element's direction/orientation) and sampling (the effective number of samples integrated to judge the overall direction/orientation). While group differences were subtle, dyslexic children had significantly higher internal noise estimates for motion discrimination, and higher orientation-coherence thresholds, than typical children. Thus, while perceptual differences in dyslexia do not appear to be restricted to motion tasks, motion and orientation processing seem to be affected differently. The pattern of results also differs from that previously reported in autistic children, suggesting perceptual processing differences are condition-specific.

Type: Article
Title: Integration of visual motion and orientation signals in dyslexic children: an equivalent noise approach
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200414
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200414
Language: English
Additional information: © 2022 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
Keywords: averaging, dyslexia, ensemble coding, internal noise, magnocellular, perception
UCL classification: UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences > Clinical, Edu and Hlth Psychology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10152067
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