Niculescu-Duvaz, Maria;
(2022)
Quantifying cosmic dust production in core-collapse supernovae and supernova remnants.
Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).
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Abstract
Large quantities of dust have been discovered in a number of high-redshift (z>6) galaxies and quasars. As significant dust formation in AGB stars occurs on timescales longer than the age of these galaxies, it has been posited that this dust is formed in the ejecta of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe). For this to be the case, it has been estimated that each CCSN would need to produce >0.1 M. of dust. To investigate this hypothesis, we have collated multi-epoch late-time optical spectra for fourteen CCSNe. We have used the DAMOCLES Monte Carlo radiative transfer code to model the dust-affected optical line profiles of the CCSNe in our sample. We confirm a dust mass growth with time which can be fitted by a sigmoid curve, where dust mass growth is found to saturate beyond an age of ~30 years, at a mass of 0.25 +- 0.09 M. For an expanded sample that includes a range of dust mass estimates from the literature for CCSNe and supernova remnants, the dust mass at saturation is found to be 0.45 +- 0:04 M. Most of the best-fitting line profile models for our sample all required grain radii between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. We also present a novel method for determining the mass of dust contained within spatially resolved oxygen-rich supernova remnants, which compares the relative fluxes measured in similar apertures from [O III] far-infrared and visual-region emission lines in order to determine internal dust optical depths, from which corresponding dust masses can be obtained. With this method we determine a dust mass within Cas A of 0.99 +0:10-0:09 M. We conclude that it is likely CCSNe are the main stellar producers of cosmic dust in the Universe.
| Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Qualification: | Ph.D |
| Title: | Quantifying cosmic dust production in core-collapse supernovae and supernova remnants |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © The Author 2022. Original content in this thesis is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Any third-party copyright material present remains the property of its respective owner(s) and is licensed under its existing terms. Access may initially be restricted at the author’s request. |
| UCL classification: | UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Physics and Astronomy UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10145787 |
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