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Acoustic wave focusing by 2.5D graded index lens

Zhao, Y; Subramanian, S; Memoli, G; (2021) Acoustic wave focusing by 2.5D graded index lens. Applied Physics Letters , 119 (14) , Article 141907. 10.1063/5.0064246. Green open access

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Abstract

Three dimensional sound convergence in air underpins applications ranging from localized acoustic experiences to levitation. Most current solutions, however, are challenging to scale-up: they either require complex electronics or intricate geometries. In this paper, we propose a solution based on sonic crystals: an extruded 2D hexagonal lattice array of rigid cylinders with gradient diameters, capable of focusing in 3D emission of a standard loudspeaker at audio frequencies, which we call a 2.5D lens. First, we use finite-element simulations to describe the underpinning theory in terms of the band structure and equifrequency contours. We then describe how we manufactured two lenses, one of which has a focal length smaller than the wavelength, and compare pressure with simulations. Our measurements not only show good agreement with simulations but also highlight how the efficiency of such lenses strongly depends on how the sound is delivered to them.

Type: Article
Title: Acoustic wave focusing by 2.5D graded index lens
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1063/5.0064246
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0064246
Language: English
Additional information: C 2021 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0064246
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Computer Science
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10136194
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