Rosenstein, I;
Rasch, S;
Axelsson, M;
Novakova, L;
Blennow, K;
Zetterberg, H;
Lycke, J;
(2021)
Kappa free light chain index as a diagnostic biomarker in multiple sclerosis: a real-world investigation.
Journal of Neurochemistry
10.1111/jnc.15500.
(In press).
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Abstract
Kappa free light chain (KFLC)-index, a measure for intrathecal production of free kappa chains, has been increasingly recognized for its diagnostic potential in multiple sclerosis (MS) as a quantitative alternative to IgG oligoclonal-bands (OCBs). Our objective was to investigate the sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic accuracy of KFLC-index in MS. KFLC-index was prospectively determined as part of the diagnostic workup in patients with suspected MS (n=327) between May 2013 and February 2020. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS), and MS had markedly higher KFLC-index (44.6, IQR 16-128) compared with subjects with other neuro-inflammatory disorders (ONID) and symptomatic controls (SC) (2.19, IQR 1.68-2.98, p<0.001). KFLC-index had a sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI 0.88-0.95) and specificity of 0.87 (95% CI 0.8-0.92) to discriminate CIS/RIS/MS from ONID and SC (AUC 0.94, 95% CI 0.91-0.97, p<0.001). KFLC-index and intrathecal fraction (IF) KFLC had similar accuracies to detect MS. Treatment with disease-modifying therapy (DMT) did not influence the level of KFLC-index and it was not affected by demographic factors or associated with degenerative or inflammatory biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). KFLC-index in MS diagnostics has methodological advantages compared to OCB and is independent to subjective interpretation. Moreover, it is an attractive diagnostic tool since the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of KFLC-index is similar with that of OCBs and KFLC<sub>IF</sub> and better than for IgG-index. We show that KFLC-index was influenced neither by DMT, nor by demographic factors or other inflammatory or degenerative processes in MS as determined by biomarkers in CSF.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Kappa free light chain index as a diagnostic biomarker in multiple sclerosis: a real-world investigation |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1111/jnc.15500 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.15500 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10134459 |
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