Paschou, Despoina;
(2021)
Functionalised nanodiamond as a platform for skeletal tissue engineering.
Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).
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Abstract
Diamond has come of age, as a material for technology and life science applications. Despite its reputation as a gemstone, high grade single crystal diamond can be grown in the laboratory at modest cost. Other forms of diamond, such particulate nanodiamonds (typically 5nm in size) can be formed. Its superior mechanical and functionalisation properties make diamond a great candidate for skeletal tissue engineering material. In this thesis, the potential of functionalised diamond as a nanomaterial for the chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) has been investigated. Results in chapter 4 describe the biocompatibility of human Adipose Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs) with oxygen–functionalised BBD-PPy scaffolds and oxygen–terminated nanodiamonds (NDs) and the ability of the cells to form uniform monolayers on ND substrates. Chapter 5 verifies the ability of hydrogen and oxygen terminated NDs to sustain hADSC proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. In the same chapter, the ability of another type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), chondrogenic precursor/ stem cells (CSPCs) to differentiate on H–NDs and O–NDs into three key skeletal precursors (chondrocytes, osteocytes and adipocytes) is demonstrated through staining and colorimetric quantification assays. In Chapter 6, a novel 3D scaffold made out of fibrin that incorporated H–NDs is characterised. CSPCs underwent chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation in this novel structure. Differentiation outcomes were qualitatively demonstrated through section staining and were subsequently quantified using quantitative real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Results indicate chondrogenic differentiation and potential endochondral ossification was promoted by increasing concentrations of H–NDs in the scaffolds, without enhancing the Young’s modulus of the constructs.
| Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Qualification: | Ph.D |
| Title: | Functionalised nanodiamond as a platform for skeletal tissue engineering |
| Event: | UCL |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © The Author 2021. Original content in this thesis is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Any third-party copyright material present remains the property of its respective owner(s) and is licensed under its existing terms. Access may initially be restricted at the author’s request. |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Life Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Life Sciences > Div of Biosciences |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10133681 |
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