Foster, EM;
Dangla-Valls, A;
Lovestone, S;
Ribe, EM;
Buckley, NJ;
(2019)
Clusterin in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms, Genetics, and Lessons From Other Pathologies.
Frontiers in Neuroscience
, 13
, Article 164. 10.3389/fnins.2019.00164.
Preview |
Text
fnins-13-00164.pdf - Published Version Download (1MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) or APOJ is a multifunctional glycoprotein that has been implicated in several physiological and pathological states, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). With a prominent extracellular chaperone function, additional roles have been discussed for clusterin, including lipid transport and immune modulation, and it is involved in pathways common to several diseases such as cell death and survival, oxidative stress, and proteotoxic stress. Although clusterin is normally a secreted protein, it has also been found intracellularly under certain stress conditions. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed regarding the origin of intracellular clusterin, including specific biogenic processes leading to alternative transcripts and protein isoforms, but these lines of research are incomplete and contradictory. Current consensus is that intracellular clusterin is most likely to have exited the secretory pathway at some point or to have re-entered the cell after secretion. Clusterin’s relationship with amyloid beta (Aβ) has been of great interest to the AD field, including clusterin’s apparent role in altering Aβ aggregation and/or clearance. Additionally, clusterin has been more recently identified as a mediator of Aβ toxicity, as evidenced by the neuroprotective effect of CLU knockdown and knockout in rodent and human iPSC-derived neurons. CLU is also the third most significant genetic risk factor for late onset AD and several variants have been identified in CLU. Although the exact contribution of these variants to altered AD risk is unclear, some have been linked to altered CLU expression at both mRNA and protein levels, altered cognitive and memory function, and altered brain structure. The apparent complexity of clusterin’s biogenesis, the lack of clarity over the origin of the intracellular clusterin species, and the number of pathophysiological functions attributed to clusterin have all contributed to the challenge of understanding the role of clusterin in AD pathophysiology. Here, we highlight clusterin’s relevance to AD by discussing the evidence linking clusterin to AD, as well as drawing parallels on how the role of clusterin in other diseases and pathways may help us understand its biological function(s) in association with AD.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Clusterin in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms, Genetics, and Lessons From Other Pathologies |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fnins.2019.00164 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00164 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2019 Foster, Dangla-Valls, Lovestone, Ribe and Buckley. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms |
| Keywords: | Neurodegeneration, amyloid, cell death, neuroprotection, DKK1, oxidative stress, Wnt signaling |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Institute of Ophthalmology |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10125931 |
Archive Staff Only
 |
View Item |
