Tawfiq, Najlaa Kamal; (1990) Tissue Culture of Antimalarial Plants. Masters thesis (M.Phil), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

Investigations utilising in vitro cultures of two species, Cinchona ledgeriana (Rubiaceae) and Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) were carried out. Root organ suspension cultures of C._ ledgeriana produce a considerable amount of anthraquinones. In the present investigation scopoletin and five new anthraquinones have been isolated and identified as: 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-(3,4,6) or (3,4,7)-trimethoxy anthraquinone; 1-hydroxy 2,3,5-(or 2,3,8)-trimethoxy anthraquinone; anthragallol 1,2,3-tri-methyl ether; 1,6- dihydroxy-2-methyl-7-methoxy or 1,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-6- methoxy anthraquinone; 2-methyl-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy or 2 methyl-7-hydroxy-6-methoxy anthraquinone. Thin-layer, column and high performance liquid chromatography were utilised for preparative and analytical separations. The isolated compounds were characterised by the use of ultraviolet, infrared and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy together with mass spectrometric techniques. Substitution pattern of the A and C rings were established by nuclear Overhauser techniques. Extracts of Artemisia annua cultures have been assessed for m vitro activity against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Callus and suspension cells and medium were analysed and examined for their activity at different stages of growth and development. Time-course experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of various basal media, plant growth regulators and light on both growth and possible artemisinin production. Two active fractions were obtained but artemisinin was not detected using thin-layer chromatography only.

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