The RESPOND study group;
(2021)
The relationship between smoking, current CD4, viral load and cancer in persons living with HIV.
AIDS
, 35
(5)
pp. 747-757.
10.1097/QAD.0000000000002791.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is unknown if the carcinogenic effect of smoking is influenced by CD4 count and viral load (VL) in persons living with HIV. MATERIAL AND METHODS: RESPOND participants with known smoking status were included. Poisson regression adjusting for baseline confounders investigated the interaction between current CD4/VL strata (good [CD4≥500/mm and VL<200 copies/mL], poor [CD4≤350/mm and VL>200 copies/ml] and intermediate [all other combinations]), smoking status and all cancers, non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC), smoking-related cancers (SRC), and infection-related cancers (IRC). RESULTS: Of 19602 persons, 41.3% were never smokers 44.4% current and 14.4% previous smokers at baseline. CD4/VL strata were poor in 3.4%, intermediate in 44.8% and good in 51.8%. There were 513 incident cancers; incidence rate 6.9/1000 PYFU (95% CI 6.3-7.5). Current smokers had higher incidence of all cancer (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.45; 1.17-1.79), NADC (1.65; 1.31-2.09), SRC (2.21; 1.53-3.20), and IRC (1.38; 0.97-1.96) vs never smokers. Those with poor CD4/VL had increased incidence of all cancer (5.36; 95% CI 3.71-7.75), NADC (3.14; 1.92-5.14), SRC (1.82; 0.76-4.41) and IRC (10.21; 6.06-17.20) versus those with good CD4/VL. There was no evidence that the association between smoking and cancer subtypes differed depending on the CD4/VL strata (p > 0.1, test for interaction). CONCLUSIONS: In the large RESPOND consortium, the impact of smoking on cancer was clear and reducing smoking rates should remain a priority. The association between current immune deficiency, virological control and cancer was similar for never smokers, current smokers and previous smokers suggesting similar carcinogenic effects of smoking regardless of CD4 count and VL.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | The relationship between smoking, current CD4, viral load and cancer in persons living with HIV |
| Location: | England |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002791 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002791 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10117665 |
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