Irzan, H;
O’Reilly, H;
Ourselin, S;
Marlow, N;
Melbourne, A;
(2020)
Brain Volume and Neuropsychological Differences in Extremely Preterm Adolescents.
In: Hu, Y and Licandro, R and Noble, JA and Hutter, J and Aylward, S and Melbourne, A and Abaci Turk, E and Torrents Barrena, J, (eds.)
Medical Ultrasound, and Preterm, Perinatal and Paediatric Image Analysis.
(pp. pp. 315-323).
Springer: Lima, Peru.
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Abstract
Although findings have revealed that preterm subjects are at higher risk of brain abnormalities and adverse cognitive outcome, very few studies have investigated the long-term effects of extreme prematurity on regional brain structures, especially in adolescence. The current study aims to investigate the volume of brain structures of 88 extremely preterm born 19-year old adolescents and 54 age- and socioeconomically-matched full-term born subjects. In addition, we examine the hypothesis that the volume of grey matter regions where a significant group or group-sex differences are found would be connected with the neurodevelopmental outcome. The results of the analysis show regional brain difference linked to extreme prematurity with reduced grey matter content in the subcortical regions and larger grey matter volumes distributed around the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior medial cortex. Premature birth and the volume of the left precuneus and the right posterior cingulate gyrus accounts for 34% of the variance in FSIQ. The outcome of this analysis reveals that structural brain differences persist into adolescence in extremely preterm subjects and that they correlate with cognitive functions.
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