Kemp, Harriet; (2020) The Second Victims: A Grounded Theory explanation of the experience and impact of traumatic births amongst midwives and obstetricians. Doctoral thesis (D.Clin.Psy), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

Aim: Midwives, and obstetricians may be at increased risk of becoming “Second Victims” (SVs) due to increased exposure to severe medical events. However, current evidence exploring their experiences of adverse events is sparse. The current study aims to better understand the perception and impact of traumatic perinatal events amongst midwives and obstetricians, and to generate clear theoretical frameworks that can be translated into clinical settings. Method: Eight midwives and six obstetricians working within the NHS were interviewed about their experiences of traumatic perinatal events. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using constructivist Grounded Theory (Charmaz, 2008). Results: Two theoretical frameworks emerged from the data. Six main themes reflected participants’ experiences: traumatic births; exacerbating factors; buffering factors; the aftermath; position in hierarchical system; and cultural change. Conclusion: The study provided novel insights, revealing similarities and differences between midwives’ and obstetrician’s experiences of traumatic events. Position in hierarchical system was influential in the differences observed. In both groups, organisational factors contributed significantly to the perception and impact of traumatic events. Maternity organisations have the power to reduce the risk the “Second Victim” (SV) phenomenon amongst staff and mitigate potential consequences to the mothers' birthing experience.

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