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Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies on selected Kuwaiti flora

Stavri, Michael; (2004) Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies on selected Kuwaiti flora. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access

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Abstract

This thesis describes the phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of six Kuwaiti plants. The plants investigated belong to four families, Apiaceae (Anethum graveolens and Ducrosia anethifolia), Asteraceae (Artemisia monosperma and Pulicaria crispa), Convolvulaceae (Ipomoea pes-caprae) and Scrophulariaceae (Scrophularia deserti). A study of the aerial plant parts Artemisia monosperma yielded a total of 12 compounds. Six of the compounds isolated were new including a C10 polyacetylene 1,3R,8R-trihydroxydec-9-en-4,6-yne and the glucoside 3(ζ)8((ζ)-dihydroxydec-9-en-4,6-yne-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. A new eudesmane sesquiterpene rel-1β,3α,6β-trihydroxyeudesm-4-ene was also isolated from this plant as well as the first report of the 3R,8R stereoisomer of 16,17-dehydrofalcarindiol. Ducrosia anethifolia yielded only two compounds, the monoterpene glucoside 8-debenzoylpaeoniflorin and the prenylated furocoumarin pangelin. Pangelin demonstrated moderate activity against a panel of rapidly growing mycobacteria. An investigation of the aerial plant parts of Ipomoea pes-caprae led to the isolation of the common triterpenes lupeol and a-amyrin as well as the sterol ?-sitosterol. The known flavonol quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was also isolated from this species and demonstrated activity against a multidrug resistant (MDR) strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the whole herb Anethum graveolens led to the isolation of falcarindiol. This polyacetylenic natural product exhibited both antimycobacterial and anti-staphylococcal activity, including a MDR strain of Staphylococcus aureus. A further 6 compounds were isolated from this species including three prenylated furocoumarins. A phytochemical study of the whole herb of Pulicaria crispa yielded 12 compounds including a sesquiterpene with a novel skeleton, 2α,6α-dimethyltetracyclo-decal-3-en-2,12-diol-8α,13-olide (pulicrispiolide), isolated from the hexane extract. Four guaianolides, three of which are new, were also purified from the hexane extract of this species. The new epimer 5,10-epi-2,3-dihydroaromatin also demonstrated weak anti-staphylococcal activity. A study of Scrophularia deserti resulted in the isolation of 10 compounds, including seven iridoid glycosides. A new C18 fatty acid 3(ζ)-hydroxy-octadeca-4(E),6(Z)-dienoic acid was isolated from this species and possessed moderate antimicrobial activity.

Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Qualification: Ph.D
Title: Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies on selected Kuwaiti flora
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
Language: English
Additional information: Thesis digitised by ProQuest.
Keywords: Biological sciences; Health and environmental sciences; Natural products
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10105953
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