NK cell memory to cytomegalovirus: implications for vaccine development

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NK cell memory to cytomegalovirus: implications for vaccine development

Forrest, C; Cruz Gomes, A; Reeves, M; Male, V; (2020) NK cell memory to cytomegalovirus: implications for vaccine development. [Review]. Vaccines , 8 (3) , Article 394. 10.3390/vaccines8030394. Green open access

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Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that recognize and eliminate virally-infected and cancerous cells. Members of the innate immune system are not usually considered to mediate immune memory, but over the past decade evidence has emerged that NK cells can do this in several contexts. Of these, the best understood and most widely accepted is the response to cytomegaloviruses, with strong evidence for memory to murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and several lines of evidence suggesting that the same is likely to be true of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The importance of NK cells in the context of HCMV infection is underscored by the armory of NK immune evasion genes encoded by HCMV aimed at subverting the NK cell immune response. As such, ongoing studies that have utilized HCMV to investigate NK cell diversity and function have proven instructive. Here, we discuss our current understanding of NK cell memory to viral infection with a focus on the response to cytomegaloviruses. We will then discuss the implications that this will have for the development of a vaccine against HCMV with particular emphasis on how a strategy that can harness the innate immune system and NK cells could be crucial for the development of a vaccine against this high-priority pathogen.

Type:	Article
Title:	NK cell memory to cytomegalovirus: implications for vaccine development
Open access status:	An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI:	10.3390/vaccines8030394
Publisher version:	https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030394
Language:	English
Additional information:	This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Keywords:	natural killer; NK; memory; HCMV; MCMV; cytomegalovirus
UCL classification:	UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Infection and Immunity
URI:	https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10105328