Ishii, Nobuyuki; (2002) Morphological differences in craniofacial structure between Japanese and Caucasian subjects. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

Morphological differences in the craniofacial structure between Japanese and Caucasians were examined using lateral cephalograms. Although previous investigators have attempted similar studies, these have not examined totally the craniofacial patterns seen in both normal subjects and those with malocclusions. This project addressed this issue by considering Class I normal occlusion, Class II malocclusion and Class III malocclusion. In the Class I comparison, the Japanese had significantly shorter anterior and posterior cranial base lengths, longer anterior and posterior facial heights and more proclined upper incisors compared to the Caucasians. In the Class II comparison, the Japanese had a significantly shorter anterior cranial base length, a more obtuse articular angle, a steeper mandibular plane angle and more proclined lower incisors compared to the Caucasian sample. In the Class III comparison, the Japanese had a significantly shorter anterior cranial base length, a longer anterior facial height, a more obtuse gonial angle and more proclined upper incisors compared to the Caucasian group. In summary, it was noted that the Japanese samples had a shorter cranial base and an excessive vertical development, such that these might be common racial features in the Japanese population. The Japanese had a brachycephalic cranium and a dolichocephalic mandible, such that the craniofacial skeleton of the Japanese could not be categorized into the classifications based on the Caucasian populations. The craniofacial skeleton of the Japanese differed from that of the Caucasians, such that the racial differences should be considered when planning orthodontic treatment in today's multiracial society.

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