Singhania, Rajeshree Udani; (1995) Design and standardisation of a developmental test for Indian children: The Indian Picture Puzzle Test. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

Almost fifty percent of India's population are children. More than two thirds belong to the lower socioeconomic strata. Yet there are few indigenously constructed developmental tests for surveillance, clinical practice or research. The need for such tests is clear. A multifaceted developmental test of cognitive skills was constructed, modelled on the Bus Puzzle Test (Egan 1984) for its ease of administration and appeal. Each stage in the design was piloted in Rajasthan in all socioeconomic groups. Stages included simple ethnic modification of the original test, development of more socioculturally appropriate scenes, a detailed statistical procedure of item analysis and reliability studies. The picture was converted into a wooden insert puzzle, called The Indian Picture Puzzle Test (IPPT) and standardised on a random sample of 616 children to construct norms. The IPPT assesses aspects of early language, picture interpretation, performance skills and conceptual development in children aged 2 to 5 years. Analysis of the standardised data highlighted the need for separate norms for each socioeconomic group. Verbal abilities were significantly different between advantaged and disadvantaged (slum and rural) groups though performance skills were comparable. Competence in picture perception did not, as it appears to do in English children, parallel that of language and was influenced by both age and social class. The Indian Picture Puzzle Test has been developed for clinical practice and research. Its forseen uses are as a tool with which to identify and compare high and low functioning populations and to monitor intervention programmes in the latter. Similarly, it may be useful within sociocultural groups to identify individuals with disordered development. Further studies are required to substantiate these proposed uses of the IPPT.

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