Janež, A;
Guja, C;
Mitrakou, A;
Lalic, N;
Tankova, T;
Czupryniak, L;
Tabák, AG;
... Smircic-Duvnjak, L; + view all
(2020)
Insulin Therapy in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a Narrative Review.
Diabetes Therapy
, 11
(2)
pp. 387-409.
10.1007/s13300-019-00743-7.
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Abstract
Here, we review insulin management options and strategies in nonpregnant adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Most patients with T1DM should follow a regimen of multiple daily injections of basal/bolus insulin, but those not meeting individual glycemic targets or those with frequent or severe hypoglycemia or pronounced dawn phenomenon should consider continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. The latter treatment modality could also be an alternative based on patient preferences and availability of reimbursement. Continuous glucose monitoring may improve glycemic control irrespective of treatment regimen. A glycemic target of glycated hemoglobin < 7% (53 mmol/mol) is appropriate for most nonpregnant adults. Basal insulin analogues with a reduced peak profile and an extended duration of action with lower intraindividual variability relative to neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin are preferred. The clinical advantages of basal analogues compared with older basal insulins include reduced injection burden, better efficacy, lower risk of hypoglycemic episodes (especially nocturnal), and reduced weight gain. For prandial glycemic control, any rapid-acting prandial analogue (aspart, glulisine, lispro) is preferred over regular human insulin. Faster-acting insulin aspart is a relatively new option with the advantage of better postprandial glucose coverage. Frequent blood glucose measurements along with patient education on insulin dosing based on carbohydrate counting, premeal blood glucose, and anticipated physical activity is paramount, as is education on the management of blood glucose under different circumstances. Plain Language Summary: Plain language summary is available for this article.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Insulin Therapy in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a Narrative Review |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s13300-019-00743-7 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-019-00743-7 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
| Keywords: | Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, Glycemic control, Insulin analogue, Insulin therapy, Multiple daily injections, Type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Epidemiology and Public Health |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10095357 |
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