Cackett, G; Matelska, D; Sýkora, M; Portugal, R; Malecki, M; Bähler, J; Dixon, L; Cackett, G; Matelska, D; Sýkora, M; Portugal, R; Malecki, M; Bähler, J; Dixon, L; Werner, F; - view fewer (2020) The African Swine Fever Virus Transcriptome. Journal of Virology , 94 (9) , Article e00119-20. 10.1128/JVI.00119-20.

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Abstract

African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes hemorrhagic fever in domestic pigs, presenting the biggest global threat to animal farming in recorded history. Despite the importance of ASFV, little is known about the mechanisms and regulation of ASFV transcription. Using RNA sequencing methods, we have determined total RNA abundance, transcription start sites, and transcription termination sites at single-nucleotide resolution. This allowed us to characterize DNA consensus motifs of early and late ASFV core promoters, as well as a polythymidylate sequence determinant for transcription termination. Our results demonstrate that ASFV utilizes alternative transcription start sites between early and late stages of infection and that ASFV RNA polymerase (RNAP) undergoes promoter-proximal transcript slippage at 5= ends of transcription units, adding quasitemplated AU- and AUAU-5= extensions to mRNAs. Here, we present the first much-needed genome-wide transcriptome study that provides unique insight into ASFV transcription and serves as a resource to aid future functional analyses of ASFV genes which are essential to combat this devastating disease.

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