Carignan, C; Hoole, P; Kunay, E; Joseph, A; Voit, D; Frahm, J; Harrington, J; (2019) The phonetic basis of phonological vowel nasality: Evidence from real-time MRI velum movement in German. In: Calhoun, S and Escudero, P and Tabain, M and Warren, P, (eds.) Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Melbourne. (pp. pp. 413-417). Australasian Speech Science and Technology Association Inc.: Canberra, Australia.

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Abstract

It has been suggested that the development of contrastive vowel nasality in VN sequences may depend partly on the nature of the following consonant. In particular, there may be a preference for VN sequences preceding voiceless oral consonants to be phonologized due to aerodynamic constraints on velum height, resulting in temporal overlap of the vowel with a durationally constant velum gesture. We investigate the phonetic basis of this claim via direct imaging of velum kinematics in real-time MRI videos (50 fps) from 35 German speakers. The results show that, while the velum gesture does indeed begin and end earlier in /Vnt/ than in /Vnd/ sequences, the duration of the gesture itself is also shorter in this context. This suggests that increased temporal co-articulation in /Vnt/ sequences is not necessarily due to durational maintenance of the velum gesture, but to a temporally truncated velum gesture that is shifted in time.

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