Sawadkar, P;
Sibbons, P;
Ahmed, T;
Bozec, L;
Mudera, V;
(2019)
Engineering of a functional tendon using collagen as a natural polymer.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
, 5
(10)
pp. 5218-5228.
10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01544.
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Abstract
Reconstruction of a tendon rupture is surgically challenging as each end of the tendon retracts leaving a substantial gap and direct repair is often not feasible. Hence to restore function a tendon graft is required to bridge this defect and presently these gaps are filled with auto-, allo- or, synthetic grafts but they all have clinical limitations. To address this issue, tissue engineered grafts were developed by a rapid process using compressed type I collagen, which is the most dominant protein in the tendon. However, bio-mechanical properties found to be unsuitable to withstand complete load bearing in vivo. Hence a modified suture technique was previously developed to reduce the load on the engineered collagen graft to aid integration in vivo by using this technique engineered collagen grafts were tested in vivo in a lapine model in three groups up to 12 weeks without immobilisation. Gross observation at 3 and 12 weeks showed the bridged integration without adhesions with a significant increase in the mechanical, structural and histological properties as compared to 1 week. Insertion of tissue engineered collagen graft, using a novel load bearing suture technique which partially loads in vivo showed integration, greater mechanical strength and no adhesion formation in the time period tested. This collagen graft has inherent advantages as compared to the present-day tendon grafts.
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