Olugbade, T;
Berthouze, N;
Williams, ACDC;
(2019)
The relationship between guarding, pain and emotion.
Pain Reports
, 4
(4)
, Article e770. 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000770.
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Abstract
Introduction: Pain-related behavior in people with chronic pain is often overlooked in a focus on increasing the amount of activity, yet it may limit activity and maintain pain and disability. Targeting it in treatment requires better understanding of the role of beliefs, emotion, and pain in pain behavior. / Objectives: This study aimed to clarify the interrelationships between guarding, pain, anxiety, and confidence in movement in people with chronic pain in everyday movements. Methods: Physiotherapists rated extent of guarding on videos of people with chronic pain and healthy controls making specific movements. Bayesian modelling was used to determine how guarding was related to self-reported pain intensity, anxiety, and emotional distress, and observer-rated confidence in movement. / Results: The absence of guarding was associated with low levels of pain, anxiety, distress, and higher movement self-efficacy, but guarding behavior occurred at high and low levels of each of those variables. Guarding was not directly dependent on pain but on anxiety; the relationship between pain and guarding was mediated by anxiety, with a high probability. Nor was guarding directly related to the broader distress score, but to self-efficacy for movement, again with a high probability. / Conclusion: Pain-related guarding is more likely to be effectively addressed by intervention to reduce anxiety rather than pain (such as analgesia); more attention to how people move with chronic pain, rather than only how much they move, is likely to help to extend activity.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | The relationship between guarding, pain and emotion |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000770 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1097/PR9.0000000000000770 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The International Association for the Study of Pain. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Keywords: | Pain behavior, Chronic pain, Anxiety, Kinesiophobia |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences > Clinical, Edu and Hlth Psychology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences > UCL Interaction Centre |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10078142 |
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