Investigation of the repeatability and reproducibility of hydrophone measurements of medical ultrasound fields

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Investigation of the repeatability and reproducibility of hydrophone measurements of medical ultrasound fields

Martin, E; Treeby, B; (2019) Investigation of the repeatability and reproducibility of hydrophone measurements of medical ultrasound fields. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , 145 (3) pp. 1270-1282. 10.1121/1.5093306. Green open access

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Abstract

Accurate measurements of acoustic pressure are required for characterisation of ultrasonic transducers and for experimental validation of models of ultrasound propagation. Errors in measured pressure can arise from a variety of sources, including variations in the properties of the source and measurement equipment, calibration uncertainty, and processing of measured data. In this study, the repeatability of measurements made with four probe and membrane hydrophones was examined. The pressures measured by these hydrophones in three different ultrasound fields, with both linear and nonlinear, pulsed and steady state driving conditions, were compared to assess the reproducibility of measurements. The coefficient of variation of the focal peak positive pressure was less than 2% for all hydrophones across five repeated measurements. When comparing hydrophones, pressures measured in a spherically focused 1.1 MHz field were within 7% for all except 1 case, and within 10% for a broadband 5 MHz pulse from a diagnostic linear array. Larger differences of up to 55% were observed between measurements of a tightly focused 3.3 MHz field, which were reduced for some hydrophones by the application of spatial averaging corrections. Overall, the major source of these differences was spatial averaging and uncertainty in the complex frequency response of the hydrophones.

Type:	Article
Title:	Investigation of the repeatability and reproducibility of hydrophone measurements of medical ultrasound fields
Open access status:	An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI:	10.1121/1.5093306
Publisher version:	http://doi.org/10.1121/1.5093306
Language:	English
Additional information:	Copyright © 2019 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5093306
UCL classification:	UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Med Phys and Biomedical Eng
URI:	https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10069847