Bean, E; Naftalin, J; Jurkovic, D; (2019) How to assess the ureters during pelvic ultrasound. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology , 53 (6) pp. 729-733. 10.1002/uog.20186.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis, fibroids and gynecological malignancy can all impact the pelvic ureters. Ureteric involvement is likely to be an important factor in determining the extent and timing of surgery in women with these conditions and assessment of the pelvic ureters is now a recommended component of the imaging work-up for women with endometriosis. The aim of this paper is to provide a step-by-step guide for the identification and assessment of the distal ureters during pelvic ultrasound. We hope that this detailed explanation of the examination technique will help ultrasound examiners to develop this skill and enable them to integrate assessment of the pelvic urinary tract into their routine ultrasound examination. CONTENT: In this paper, we describe a '6 step' detailed approach to ultrasound assessment of the ureters during pelvic ultrasound examination. We discuss tips and common examination findings. CONCLUSION: The pelvic segments of normal ureters can be identified in almost all women on transvaginal ultrasound examination and the method described is useful in detecting urinary tract abnormalities.

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